lua_pushstring[-0, +1, m] const char *lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s); Pushes the zero-terminated string pointed to by s onto the stack. Lua makes (or reuses) an internal copy of the given string, so the memory at s can be freed or reused immediately after the function returns. Returns a pointer to the internal copy of the string. If s is NULL, pushes nil and returns NULL.

lua_pushthread[-0, +1, –] int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L); Pushes the thread represented by L onto the stack. Returns 1 if this thread is the main thread of its state.

lua_pushvalue[-0, +1, –] void lua_pushvalue (lua_State *L, int index); Pushes a copy of the element at the given index onto the stack.

lua_pushvfstring[-0, +1, m] const char *lua_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp); Equivalent to lua_pushfstring, except that it receives a va_list instead of a variable number of arguments.

lua_rawequal[-0, +0, –] int lua_rawequal (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2); Returns 1 if the two values in indices index1 and index2 are primitively equal (that is, without calling the __eq metamethod). Otherwise returns 0. Also returns 0 if any of the indices are not valid.

lua_rawget[-1, +1, –] int lua_rawget (lua_State *L, int index); Similar to lua_gettable, but does a raw access (i.e., without metamethods).

lua_rawgeti[-0, +1, –] int lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int index, lua_Integer n); Pushes onto the stack the value t[n], where t is the table at the given index. The access is raw, that is, it does not invoke the __index metamethod. Returns the type of the pushed value.

lua_rawgetp[-0, +1, –] int lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int index, const void *p); Pushes onto the stack the value t[k], where t is the table at the given index and k is the pointer p represented as a light userdata. The access is raw; that is, it does not invoke the __index metamethod. Returns the type of the pushed value.

lua_rawlen[-0, +0, –] size_t lua_rawlen (lua_State *L, int index); Returns the raw "length" of the value at the given index: for strings, this is the string length; for tables, this is the result of the length operator ('#') with no metamethods; for userdata, this is the size of the block of memory allocated for the userdata; for other values, it is 0.

lua_rawset[-2, +0, m] void lua_rawset (lua_State *L, int index); Similar to lua_settable, but does a raw assignment (i.e., without metamethods).