map

Creates a new variable whose value depends on values of one or more of the source variables specified in the first parameter.

Since variables are evaluated only when they are used, the mere declaration even of a large number of “map” variables does not add any extra costs to connection processing.

Parameters inside the map block specify a mapping between source and resulting values.

Source values are specified as strings or regular expressions.

Strings are matched ignoring the case.

A regular expression should either start from the “~” symbol for a case-sensitive matching, or from the “~*” symbols for case-insensitive matching. A regular expression can contain named and positional captures that can later be used in other directives along with the resulting variable.

If a source value matches one of the names of special parameters described below, it should be prefixed with the “\” symbol.

The resulting value can contain text, variable, and their combination.

The following special parameters are also supported:

default value

sets the resulting value if the source value matches none of the specified variants. When default is not specified, the default resulting value will be an empty string.

hostnames

indicates that source values can be hostnames with a prefix or suffix mask:

*.example.com 1;
example.*     1;

The following two records

example.com   1;
*.example.com 1;

can be combined:

.example.com  1;

This parameter should be specified before the list of values.

include file

includes a file with values. There can be several inclusions.

volatile

indicates that the variable is not cacheable (1.11.7).

If the source value matches more than one of the specified variants, e.g. both a mask and a regular expression match, the first matching variant will be chosen, in the following order of priority:

1. string value without a mask
2. longest string value with a prefix mask, e.g. “*.example.com”
3. longest string value with a suffix mask, e.g. “mail.*”
4. first matching regular expression (in order of appearance in a configuration file)
5. default value