exception socket.gaierror A subclass of OSError, this exception is raised for address-related errors by getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo(). The accompanying value is a pair (error, string) representing an error returned by a library call. string represents the description of error, as returned by the gai_strerror() C function. The numeric error value will match one of the EAI_* constants defined in this module. Changed in version 3.3: This class was made a subclass of OSError.

socket.fromshare(data) Instantiate a socket from data obtained from the socket.share() method. The socket is assumed to be in blocking mode. Availability: Windows. New in version 3.3.

socket.fromfd(fd, family, type, proto=0) Duplicate the file descriptor fd (an integer as returned by a file object’s fileno() method) and build a socket object from the result. Address family, socket type and protocol number are as for the socket() function above. The file descriptor should refer to a socket, but this is not checked — subsequent operations on the object may fail if the file descriptor is invalid. This function is rarely needed, but can be used to get or set socket options on

exception socket.error A deprecated alias of OSError. Changed in version 3.3: Following PEP 3151, this class was made an alias of OSError.

socket.create_connection(address[, timeout[, source_address]]) Connect to a TCP service listening on the Internet address (a 2-tuple (host, port)), and return the socket object. This is a higher-level function than socket.connect(): if host is a non-numeric hostname, it will try to resolve it for both AF_INET and AF_INET6, and then try to connect to all possible addresses in turn until a connection succeeds. This makes it easy to write clients that are compatible to both IPv4 and IPv6. Passi

socket.CMSG_SPACE(length) Return the buffer size needed for recvmsg() to receive an ancillary data item with associated data of the given length, along with any trailing padding. The buffer space needed to receive multiple items is the sum of the CMSG_SPACE() values for their associated data lengths. Raises OverflowError if length is outside the permissible range of values. Note that some systems might support ancillary data without providing this function. Also note that setting the buffer

socket.CMSG_LEN(length) Return the total length, without trailing padding, of an ancillary data item with associated data of the given length. This value can often be used as the buffer size for recvmsg() to receive a single item of ancillary data, but RFC 3542 requires portable applications to use CMSG_SPACE() and thus include space for padding, even when the item will be the last in the buffer. Raises OverflowError if length is outside the permissible range of values. Availability: most Un

sndhdr.whathdr(filename) Determines the type of sound data stored in a file based on the file header. The name of the file is given by filename. This function returns a namedtuple as described above on success, or None. Changed in version 3.5: Result changed from a tuple to a namedtuple.

sndhdr.what(filename) Determines the type of sound data stored in the file filename using whathdr(). If it succeeds, returns a namedtuple as described above, otherwise None is returned. Changed in version 3.5: Result changed from a tuple to a namedtuple.

class smtplib.SMTP_SSL(host='', port=0, local_hostname=None, keyfile=None, certfile=None, [timeout, ]context=None, source_address=None) An SMTP_SSL instance behaves exactly the same as instances of SMTP. SMTP_SSL should be used for situations where SSL is required from the beginning of the connection and using starttls() is not appropriate. If host is not specified, the local host is used. If port is zero, the standard SMTP-over-SSL port (465) is used. The optional arguments local_hostname,