Template.copy(infile, outfile) Copy infile to outfile through the pipe.

Template.clone() Return a new, equivalent, pipeline template.

Template.append(cmd, kind) Append a new action at the end. The cmd variable must be a valid bourne shell command. The kind variable consists of two letters. The first letter can be either of '-' (which means the command reads its standard input), 'f' (which means the commands reads a given file on the command line) or '.' (which means the commands reads no input, and hence must be first.) Similarly, the second letter can be either of '-' (which means the command writes to standard output), '

class pipes.Template An abstraction of a pipeline.

pickletools.optimize(picklestring) Returns a new equivalent pickle string after eliminating unused PUT opcodes. The optimized pickle is shorter, takes less transmission time, requires less storage space, and unpickles more efficiently.

pickletools.genops(pickle) Provides an iterator over all of the opcodes in a pickle, returning a sequence of (opcode, arg, pos) triples. opcode is an instance of an OpcodeInfo class; arg is the decoded value, as a Python object, of the opcode’s argument; pos is the position at which this opcode is located. pickle can be a string or a file-like object.

pickletools.dis(pickle, out=None, memo=None, indentlevel=4, annotate=0) Outputs a symbolic disassembly of the pickle to the file-like object out, defaulting to sys.stdout. pickle can be a string or a file-like object. memo can be a Python dictionary that will be used as the pickle’s memo; it can be used to perform disassemblies across multiple pickles created by the same pickler. Successive levels, indicated by MARK opcodes in the stream, are indented by indentlevel spaces. If a nonzero value

exception pickle.UnpicklingError Error raised when there is a problem unpickling an object, such as a data corruption or a security violation. It inherits PickleError. Note that other exceptions may also be raised during unpickling, including (but not necessarily limited to) AttributeError, EOFError, ImportError, and IndexError.

persistent_load(pid) Raise an UnpicklingError by default. If defined, persistent_load() should return the object specified by the persistent ID pid. If an invalid persistent ID is encountered, an UnpicklingError should be raised. See Persistence of External Objects for details and examples of uses.

load() Read a pickled object representation from the open file object given in the constructor, and return the reconstituted object hierarchy specified therein. Bytes past the pickled object’s representation are ignored.