turtle.bgpic(picname=None) Parameters: picname – a string, name of a gif-file or "nopic", or None Set background image or return name of current backgroundimage. If picname is a filename, set the corresponding image as background. If picname is "nopic", delete background image, if present. If picname is None, return the filename of the current backgroundimage. >>> screen.bgpic() 'nopic' >>> screen.bgpic("landscape.gif") >>> screen.bgpic() "landscape.gif"

turtle.backward(distance) Parameters: distance – a number Move the turtle backward by distance, opposite to the direction the turtle is headed. Do not change the turtle’s heading. >>> turtle.position() (0.00,0.00) >>> turtle.backward(30) >>> turtle.position() (-30.00,0.00)

turtle.addshape(name, shape=None) There are three different ways to call this function: name is the name of a gif-file and shape is None: Install the corresponding image shape. >>> screen.register_shape("turtle.gif") Note Image shapes do not rotate when turning the turtle, so they do not display the heading of the turtle! name is an arbitrary string and shape is a tuple of pairs of coordinates: Install the corresponding polygon shape. >>> screen.register_shape("triang

turtle.back(distance) turtle.bk(distance) turtle.backward(distance) Parameters: distance – a number Move the turtle backward by distance, opposite to the direction the turtle is headed. Do not change the turtle’s heading. >>> turtle.position() (0.00,0.00) >>> turtle.backward(30) >>> turtle.position() (-30.00,0.00)

class tuple([iterable]) Tuples may be constructed in a number of ways: Using a pair of parentheses to denote the empty tuple: () Using a trailing comma for a singleton tuple: a, or (a,) Separating items with commas: a, b, c or (a, b, c) Using the tuple() built-in: tuple() or tuple(iterable) The constructor builds a tuple whose items are the same and in the same order as iterable‘s items. iterable may be either a sequence, a container that supports iteration, or an iterator object. If i

tty.setraw(fd, when=termios.TCSAFLUSH) Change the mode of the file descriptor fd to raw. If when is omitted, it defaults to termios.TCSAFLUSH, and is passed to termios.tcsetattr().

tuple([iterable]) Rather than being a function, tuple is actually an immutable sequence type, as documented in Tuples and Sequence Types — list, tuple, range.

tty.setcbreak(fd, when=termios.TCSAFLUSH) Change the mode of file descriptor fd to cbreak. If when is omitted, it defaults to termios.TCSAFLUSH, and is passed to termios.tcsetattr().

traceback Traceback where the memory block was allocated, Traceback instance.

class tracemalloc.Traceback Sequence of Frame instances sorted from the most recent frame to the oldest frame. A traceback contains at least 1 frame. If the tracemalloc module failed to get a frame, the filename "<unknown>" at line number 0 is used. When a snapshot is taken, tracebacks of traces are limited to get_traceback_limit() frames. See the take_snapshot() function. The Trace.traceback attribute is an instance of Traceback instance. format(limit=None) Format the traceback as