class profile.Profile(timer=None, timeunit=0.0, subcalls=True, builtins=True) This class is normally only used if more precise control over profiling is needed than what the cProfile.run() function provides. A custom timer can be supplied for measuring how long code takes to run via the timer argument. This must be a function that returns a single number representing the current time. If the number is an integer, the timeunit specifies a multiplier that specifies the duration of each unit of

pprint.saferepr(object) Return a string representation of object, protected against recursive data structures. If the representation of object exposes a recursive entry, the recursive reference will be represented as <Recursion on typename with id=number>. The representation is not otherwise formatted. >>> pprint.saferepr(stuff) "[<Recursion on list with id=...>, 'spam', 'eggs', 'lumberjack', 'knights', 'ni']"

class pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=1, width=80, depth=None, stream=None, *, compact=False) Construct a PrettyPrinter instance. This constructor understands several keyword parameters. An output stream may be set using the stream keyword; the only method used on the stream object is the file protocol’s write() method. If not specified, the PrettyPrinter adopts sys.stdout. The amount of indentation added for each recursive level is specified by indent; the default is one. Other values can cause

pprint.pprint(object, stream=None, indent=1, width=80, depth=None, *, compact=False) Prints the formatted representation of object on stream, followed by a newline. If stream is None, sys.stdout is used. This may be used in the interactive interpreter instead of the print() function for inspecting values (you can even reassign print = pprint.pprint for use within a scope). indent, width, depth and compact will be passed to the PrettyPrinter constructor as formatting parameters. Changed in v

pprint.pformat(object, indent=1, width=80, depth=None, *, compact=False) Return the formatted representation of object as a string. indent, width, depth and compact will be passed to the PrettyPrinter constructor as formatting parameters. Changed in version 3.4: Added the compact parameter.

PrettyPrinter.format(object, context, maxlevels, level) Returns three values: the formatted version of object as a string, a flag indicating whether the result is readable, and a flag indicating whether recursion was detected. The first argument is the object to be presented. The second is a dictionary which contains the id() of objects that are part of the current presentation context (direct and indirect containers for object that are affecting the presentation) as the keys; if an object n

PrettyPrinter.isreadable(object) Determine if the formatted representation of the object is “readable,” or can be used to reconstruct the value using eval(). Note that this returns False for recursive objects. If the depth parameter of the PrettyPrinter is set and the object is deeper than allowed, this returns False.

PrettyPrinter.isrecursive(object) Determine if the object requires a recursive representation.

pprint.isrecursive(object) Determine if object requires a recursive representation.

posix.environ A dictionary representing the string environment at the time the interpreter was started. Keys and values are bytes on Unix and str on Windows. For example, environ[b'HOME'] (environ['HOME'] on Windows) is the pathname of your home directory, equivalent to getenv("HOME") in C. Modifying this dictionary does not affect the string environment passed on by execv(), popen() or system(); if you need to change the environment, pass environ to execve() or add variable assignments and