writelines(list) Writes the concatenated list of strings to the stream (possibly by reusing the write() method). The standard bytes-to-bytes codecs do not support this method.

traceback.format_exception_only(etype, value) Format the exception part of a traceback. The arguments are the exception type and value such as given by sys.last_type and sys.last_value. The return value is a list of strings, each ending in a newline. Normally, the list contains a single string; however, for SyntaxError exceptions, it contains several lines that (when printed) display detailed information about where the syntax error occurred. The message indicating which exception occurred i

header_factory A callable that takes two arguments, name and value, where name is a header field name and value is an unfolded header field value, and returns a string subclass that represents that header. A default header_factory (see headerregistry) is provided that understands some of the RFC 5322 header field types. (Currently address fields and date fields have special treatment, while all other fields are treated as unstructured. This list will be completed before the extension is mark

os.execv(path, args) os.execve(path, args, env) os.execvp(file, args) os.execvpe(file, args, env) These functions all execute a new program, replacing the current process; they do not return. On Unix, the new executable is loaded into the current process, and will have the same process id as the caller. Errors will be reported as OSError exceptions. The current process is replaced immediately. Open file objects and descriptors are not flushed, so if there may be data buffered on these open fi

verify_request(request, client_address) Must return a Boolean value; if the value is True, the request will be processed, and if it’s False, the request will be denied. This function can be overridden to implement access controls for a server. The default implementation always returns True.

exception AttributeError Raised when an attribute reference (see Attribute references) or assignment fails. (When an object does not support attribute references or attribute assignments at all, TypeError is raised.)

HTTPDigestAuthHandler.http_error_401(req, fp, code, msg, hdrs) Retry the request with authentication information, if available.

operator.__le__(a, b) operator.__eq__(a, b) operator.__ne__(a, b) operator.__ge__(a, b) operator.__gt__(a, b) Perform “rich comparisons” between a and b. Specifically, lt(a, b) is equivalent to a < b, le(a, b) is equivalent to a <= b, eq(a, b) is equivalent to a == b, ne(a, b) is equivalent to a != b, gt(a, b) is equivalent to a > b and ge(a, b) is equivalent to a >= b. Note that these functions can return any value, which may or may not be interpretable as a Boolean value. See Co

class ssl.SSLObject A reduced-scope variant of SSLSocket representing an SSL protocol instance that does not contain any network IO methods. This class is typically used by framework authors that want to implement asynchronous IO for SSL through memory buffers. This class implements an interface on top of a low-level SSL object as implemented by OpenSSL. This object captures the state of an SSL connection but does not provide any network IO itself. IO needs to be performed through separate “

Cmd.completedefault(text, line, begidx, endidx) Method called to complete an input line when no command-specific complete_*() method is available. By default, it returns an empty list.