test.support.captured_stdout() test.support.captured_stderr() A context managers that temporarily replaces the named stream with io.StringIO object. Example use with output streams: with captured_stdout() as stdout, captured_stderr() as stderr: print("hello") print("error", file=sys.stderr) assert stdout.getvalue() == "hello\n" assert stderr.getvalue() == "error\n" Example use with input stream: with captured_stdin() as stdin: stdin.write('hello\n') stdin.seek(0) # call t

locked() Returns True if semaphore can not be acquired immediately.

math.erf(x) Return the error function at x. The erf() function can be used to compute traditional statistical functions such as the cumulative standard normal distribution: def phi(x): 'Cumulative distribution function for the standard normal distribution' return (1.0 + erf(x / sqrt(2.0))) / 2.0 New in version 3.2.

Cookie.rfc2109 True if this cookie was received as an RFC 2109 cookie (ie. the cookie arrived in a Set-Cookie header, and the value of the Version cookie-attribute in that header was 1). This attribute is provided because http.cookiejar may ‘downgrade’ RFC 2109 cookies to Netscape cookies, in which case version is 0.

NNTP.quit() Send a QUIT command and close the connection. Once this method has been called, no other methods of the NNTP object should be called.

empty A special class-level marker to specify absence of a return annotation.

object The object the codec was attempting to encode or decode.

class typing.Iterable(Generic[T_co]) A generic version of the collections.abc.Iterable.

os.initgroups(username, gid) Call the system initgroups() to initialize the group access list with all of the groups of which the specified username is a member, plus the specified group id. Availability: Unix. New in version 3.2.

ContentHandler.skippedEntity(name) Receive notification of a skipped entity. The Parser will invoke this method once for each entity skipped. Non-validating processors may skip entities if they have not seen the declarations (because, for example, the entity was declared in an external DTD subset). All processors may skip external entities, depending on the values of the feature_external_ges and the feature_external_pes properties.