Overview of AMD Excerpt From Writing Modular JavaScript With AMD, CommonJs & ES Harmony: When we say an application is modular, we generally mean it’s composed of a set of highly decoupled, distinct pieces of functionality stored in modules. As you probably know, loose coupling facilitates easier maintainability of apps by removing dependencies where possible. When this is implemented efficiently, its quite easy to see how changes to one part of a system may affect another. Unlike some mor

Purpose The options binding controls what options should appear in a drop-down list (i.e., a <select> element) or multi-select list (e.g., <select size='6'>). This binding cannot be used with anything other than <select> elements. The value you assign should be an array (or observable array). The <select> element will then display one item for each item in your array. Note: For a multi-select list, to set which of the options are selected, or to read which of the options

Purpose The if binding causes a section of markup to appear in your document (and to have its data-bind attributes applied), only if a specified expression evaluates to true (or a true-ish value such as a non-null object or nonempty string). if plays a similar role to the visible binding. The difference is that, with visible, the contained markup always remains in the DOM and always has its data-bind attributes applied - the visible binding just uses CSS to toggle the container element’s visib

In most cases, data-bind attributes provide a clean and succinct way to bind to a view model. However, event handling is one area that can often result in verbose data-bind attributes, as anonymous functions were typically the recommended techinique to pass arguments. For example: <a href="#" data-bind="click: function() { viewModel.items.remove($data); }"> remove </a> As an alternative, Knockout provides two helper functions that allow you to identify the data associated with

If you want to detect and respond to changes on one object, you’d use observables. If you want to detect and respond to changes of a collection of things, use an observableArray. This is useful in many scenarios where you’re displaying or editing multiple values and need repeated sections of UI to appear and disappear as items are added and removed. Example var myObservableArray = ko.observableArray(); // Initially an empty array myObservableArray.push('Some value'); // Adds the v

Beginners don’t need to know about this, but more advanced developers will want to know why we keep making all these claims about KO automatically tracking dependencies and updating the right parts of the UI… It’s actually very simple and rather lovely. The tracking algorithm goes like this: Whenever you declare a computed observable, KO immediately invokes its evaluator function to get its initial value. While the evaluator function is running, KO sets up a subscription to any observables (inc

Purpose The click binding adds an event handler so that your chosen JavaScript function will be invoked when the associated DOM element is clicked. This is most commonly used with elements like button, input, and a, but actually works with any visible DOM element. Example <div> You've clicked <span data-bind="text: numberOfClicks"></span> times <button data-bind="click: incrementClickCounter">Click me</button> </div> <script type="text/javascript"

Note: This documentation applies to Knockout 3.4.0 and later. For previous versions, the Deferred Updates plugin provides similar support. In complex applications, with multiple, intertwined dependencies, updating a single observable might trigger a cascade of computed observables, manual subscriptions, and UI binding updates. These updates can be expensive and inefficient if unnecessary intermediate values are pushed to the view or result in extra computed observable evaluations. Even in a sim

Knockout is built around three core features: Observables and dependency tracking Declarative bindings Templating On this page, you’ll learn about the first of these three. But before that, let’s examine the MVVM pattern and the concept of a view model. MVVM and View Models Model-View-View Model (MVVM) is a design pattern for building user interfaces. It describes how you can keep a potentially sophisticated UI simple by splitting it into three parts: A model: your application’s stored data.

Occasionally, you may find opportunities to streamline your code by attaching new functionality to Knockout’s core value types. You can define custom functions on any of the following types: Because of inheritance, if you attach a function to ko.subscribable, it will be available on all the others too. If you attach a function to ko.observable, it will be inherited by ko.observableArray but not by ko.computed. To attach a custom function, add it to one of the following extensibility points: ko