stat.S_ISWHT(mode) Return non-zero if the mode is from a whiteout.

shutil.ignore_patterns(*patterns) This factory function creates a function that can be used as a callable for copytree()‘s

shutil.make_archive(base_name, format[, root_dir[, base_dir[, verbose[, dry_run[, owner[, group[, logger]]]]]]]) Create an archive

class filecmp.dircmp(a, b, ignore=None, hide=None) Construct a new directory comparison object, to compare the directories a

Path.read_text(encoding=None, errors=None) Return the decoded contents of the pointed-to file as a string:

Path.read_bytes() Return the binary contents of the pointed-to file as a bytes object:

tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix=None, prefix=None, dir=None) Creates a temporary directory in the most secure manner possible. There