do BLOCK
Not really a function. Returns the value of the last command in the sequence of commands indicated by BLOCK. When modified by the while
or until
loop modifier, executes the BLOCK once before testing the loop condition. (On other statements the loop modifiers test the conditional first.)
do BLOCK
does not count as a loop, so the loop control statements next
, last
, or redo
cannot be used to leave or restart the block. See perlsyn for alternative strategies.
do EXPR
Uses the value of EXPR as a filename and executes the contents of the file as a Perl script.
do 'stat.pl';
is largely like
eval `cat stat.pl`;
except that it's more concise, runs no external processes, keeps track of the current filename for error messages, searches the @INC
directories, and updates %INC
if the file is found. See @INC in perlvar and %INC in perlvar for these variables. It also differs in that code evaluated with do FILENAME
cannot see lexicals in the enclosing scope; eval STRING
does. It's the same, however, in that it does reparse the file every time you call it, so you probably don't want to do this inside a loop.
If do
can read the file but cannot compile it, it returns undef
and sets an error message in $@
. If do
cannot read the file, it returns undef and sets $!
to the error. Always check $@
first, as compilation could fail in a way that also sets $!
. If the file is successfully compiled, do
returns the value of the last expression evaluated.
Inclusion of library modules is better done with the use
and require
operators, which also do automatic error checking and raise an exception if there's a problem.
You might like to use do
to read in a program configuration file. Manual error checking can be done this way:
# read in config files: system first, then user for $file ("/share/prog/defaults.rc", "$ENV{HOME}/.someprogrc") { unless ($return = do $file) { warn "couldn't parse $file: $@" if $@; warn "couldn't do $file: $!" unless defined $return; warn "couldn't run $file" unless $return; } }
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