Example 2.1 shows how we can write tests using PHPUnit that exercise PHP's array operations. The example introduces the basic conventions and steps for writing tests with PHPUnit: The tests for a class Class go into a class ClassTest. ClassTest inherits (most of the time) from PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase. The tests are public methods that are named test*. Alternatively, you can use the @test annotation in a method's docblock to mark it as a test method. Inside the test methods, assertion me

Gerard Meszaros introduces the concept of Test Doubles in [Meszaros2007] like this: Sometimes it is just plain hard to test the system under test (SUT) because it depends on other components that cannot be used in the test environment. This could be because they aren't available, they will not return the results needed for the test or because executing them would have undesirable side effects. In other cases, our test strategy requires us to have more control or visibility of the interna

You can always write more tests. However, you will quickly find that only a fraction of the tests you can imagine are actually useful. What you want is to write tests that fail even though you think they should work, or tests that succeed even though you think they should fail. Another way to think of it is in cost/benefit terms. You want to write tests that will pay you back with information. --Erich Gamma During Development When you need to make a change to the internal structure

The PHPUnit command-line test runner can be invoked through the phpunit command. The following code shows how to run tests with the PHPUnit command-line test runner: phpunit ArrayTest PHPUnit 5.6.0 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors. .. Time: 0 seconds OK (2 tests, 2 assertions) When invoked as shown above, the PHPUnit command-line test runner will look for a ArrayTest.php sourcefile in the current working directory, load it, and expect to find a ArrayTest test case class. It will th

PHPUnit The attributes of the <phpunit> element can be used to configure PHPUnit's core functionality. <phpunit xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://schema.phpunit.de/4.5/phpunit.xsd" backupGlobals="true" backupStaticAttributes="false" <!--bootstrap="/path/to/bootstrap.php"--> cacheTokens="false" colors="false" convertErrorsToExceptions="true"

Once you get used to writing automated tests, you will likely discover more uses for tests. Here are some examples. Agile Documentation Typically, in a project that is developed using an agile process, such as Extreme Programming, the documentation cannot keep up with the frequent changes to the project's design and code. Extreme Programming demands collective code ownership, so all developers need to know how the entire system works. If you are disciplined enough to consequently use "sp

Requirements PHPUnit 5.6 requires PHP 5.6; using the latest version of PHP is highly recommended. PHPUnit requires the dom and json extensions, which are normally enabled by default. PHPUnit also requires the pcre, reflection, and spl extensions. These standard extensions are enabled by default and cannot be disabled without patching PHP's build system and/or C sources. The code coverage report feature requires the Xdebug (2.2.1 or later) and tokenizer extensions. Generating XML reports

PHPUnit can perform the additional checks documented below while it executes the tests. Useless Tests PHPUnit can be strict about tests that do not test anything. This check can be enabled by using the --report-useless-tests option on the commandline or by setting beStrictAboutTestsThatDoNotTestAnything="true" in PHPUnit's XML configuration file. A test that does not perform an assertion will be marked as risky when this check is enabled. Expectations on mock objects or annotations such as

PHPUnit can produce several types of logfiles. Test Results (XML) The XML logfile for test results produced by PHPUnit is based upon the one used by the JUnit task for Apache Ant. The following example shows the XML logfile generated for the tests in ArrayTest: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <testsuites> <testsuite name="ArrayTest" file="/home/sb/ArrayTest.php" tests="2" assertions="2" failures="0" er

One of the goals of PHPUnit is that tests should be composable: we want to be able to run any number or combination of tests together, for instance all tests for the whole project, or the tests for all classes of a component that is part of the project, or just the tests for a single class. PHPUnit supports different ways of organizing tests and composing them into a test suite. This chapter shows the most commonly used approaches. Composing a Test Suite Using the Filesystem Probably the