array.buffer_info() Return a tuple (address, length) giving the current memory address and the length in elements of the buffer used to hold array’s contents. The size of the memory buffer in bytes can be computed as array.buffer_info()[1] * array.itemsize. This is occasionally useful when working with low-level (and inherently unsafe) I/O interfaces that require memory addresses, such as certain ioctl() operations. The returned numbers are valid as long as the array exists and no length-cha

array.fromfile(f, n) Read n items (as machine values) from the file object f and append them to the end of the array. If less than n items are available, EOFError is raised, but the items that were available are still inserted into the array. f must be a real built-in file object; something else with a read() method won’t do.

exception ArithmeticError The base class for those built-in exceptions that are raised for various arithmetic errors: OverflowError, ZeroDivisionError, FloatingPointError.

class argparse.RawTextHelpFormatter class argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter class argparse.MetavarTypeHelpFormatter

class argparse.Namespace Simple class used by default by parse_args() to create an object holding attributes and return it.

class array.array(typecode[, initializer]) A new array whose items are restricted by typecode, and initialized from the optional initializer value, which must be a list, a bytes-like object, or iterable over elements of the appropriate type. If given a list or string, the initializer is passed to the new array’s fromlist(), frombytes(), or fromunicode() method (see below) to add initial items to the array. Otherwise, the iterable initializer is passed to the extend() method.

class argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter class argparse.RawTextHelpFormatter class argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter class argparse.MetavarTypeHelpFormatter

class argparse.MetavarTypeHelpFormatter

class argparse.FileType(mode='r', bufsize=-1, encoding=None, errors=None) The FileType factory creates objects that can be passed to the type argument of ArgumentParser.add_argument(). Arguments that have FileType objects as their type will open command-line arguments as files with the requested modes, buffer sizes, encodings and error handling (see the open() function for more details): >>> parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() >>> parser.add_argument('--raw', type=argparse.F

ArgumentParser.set_defaults(**kwargs) Most of the time, the attributes of the object returned by parse_args() will be fully determined by inspecting the command-line arguments and the argument actions. set_defaults() allows some additional attributes that are determined without any inspection of the command line to be added: >>> parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() >>> parser.add_argument('foo', type=int) >>> parser.set_defaults(bar=42, baz='badger') >>> par