last LABEL last EXPR last The last command is like the break statement in C (as used in loops); it immediately exits the loop in question. If the LABEL is omitted, the command refers to the innermost enclosing loop. The last EXPR form, available starting in Perl 5.18.0, allows a label name to be computed at run time, and is otherwise identical to last LABEL . The continue block, if any, is not executed: LINE: while (<STDIN>) { last LINE if /^$/; # exit when done with header #...

kill SIGNAL, LIST kill SIGNAL Sends a signal to a list of processes. Returns the number of arguments that were successfully used to signal (which is not necessarily the same as the number of processes actually killed, e.g. where a process group is killed). $cnt = kill 'HUP', $child1, $child2; kill 'KILL', @goners; SIGNAL may be either a signal name (a string) or a signal number. A signal name may start with a SIG prefix, thus FOO and SIGFOO refer to the same signal. The string form of SIGNAL i

join EXPR,LIST Joins the separate strings of LIST into a single string with fields separated by the value of EXPR, and returns that new string. Example: $rec = join(':', $login,$passwd,$uid,$gid,$gcos,$home,$shell); Beware that unlike split, join doesn't take a pattern as its first argument. Compare split.

keys HASH keys ARRAY keys EXPR Called in list context, returns a list consisting of all the keys of the named hash, or in Perl 5.12 or later only, the indices of an array. Perl releases prior to 5.12 will produce a syntax error if you try to use an array argument. In scalar context, returns the number of keys or indices. Hash entries are returned in an apparently random order. The actual random order is specific to a given hash; the exact same series of operations on two hashes may result in a

NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT NAME IPC::SharedMem - SysV Shared Memory IPC object class SYNOPSIS use IPC::SysV qw(IPC_PRIVATE S_IRUSR S_IWUSR); use IPC::SharedMem; $shm = IPC::SharedMem->new(IPC_PRIVATE, 8, S_IRWXU); $shm->write(pack("S", 4711), 2, 2); $data = $shm->read(0, 2); $ds = $shm->stat; $shm->remove; DESCRIPTION A class providing an object based interface to SysV IPC shared memory. METHODS new ( KEY , SIZE , FLAGS ) Creates a new s

NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT NAME IPC::SysV - System V IPC constants and system calls SYNOPSIS use IPC::SysV qw(IPC_STAT IPC_PRIVATE); DESCRIPTION IPC::SysV defines and conditionally exports all the constants defined in your system include files which are needed by the SysV IPC calls. Common ones include IPC_CREAT IPC_EXCL IPC_NOWAIT IPC_PRIVATE IPC_RMID IPC_SET IPC_STAT GETVAL SETVAL GETPID GETNCNT GETZCNT GETALL SETALL SEM_A SEM_R SEM_UNDO SHM_RDONLY SHM_RND SHMLBA

NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION See Also WARNING NAME IPC::Open3 - open a process for reading, writing, and error handling using open3() SYNOPSIS $pid = open3(\*CHLD_IN, \*CHLD_OUT, \*CHLD_ERR, 'some cmd and args', 'optarg', ...); my($wtr, $rdr, $err); use Symbol 'gensym'; $err = gensym; $pid = open3($wtr, $rdr, $err, 'some cmd and args', 'optarg', ...); waitpid( $pid, 0 ); my $child_exit_status = $? >> 8; DESCRIPTION Extremely similar to open2(), open3() spawns the

NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT NAME IPC::Semaphore - SysV Semaphore IPC object class SYNOPSIS use IPC::SysV qw(IPC_PRIVATE S_IRUSR S_IWUSR IPC_CREAT); use IPC::Semaphore; $sem = IPC::Semaphore->new(IPC_PRIVATE, 10, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | IPC_CREAT); $sem->setall( (0) x 10); @sem = $sem->getall; $ncnt = $sem->getncnt; $zcnt = $sem->getzcnt; $ds = $sem->stat; $sem->remove; DESCRIPTION A class providing an object based interface to SysV IPC

NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION METHODS SEE ALSO AUTHORS COPYRIGHT NAME IPC::Msg - SysV Msg IPC object class SYNOPSIS use IPC::SysV qw(IPC_PRIVATE S_IRUSR S_IWUSR); use IPC::Msg; $msg = IPC::Msg->new(IPC_PRIVATE, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR); $msg->snd($msgtype, $msgdata); $msg->rcv($buf, 256); $ds = $msg->stat; $msg->remove; DESCRIPTION A class providing an object based interface to SysV IPC message queues. METHODS new ( KEY , FLAGS ) Creates a new message queue associated with KEY . A

NAME SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION WARNING SEE ALSO NAME IPC::Open2 - open a process for both reading and writing using open2() SYNOPSIS use IPC::Open2; $pid = open2(\*CHLD_OUT, \*CHLD_IN, 'some cmd and args'); # or without using the shell $pid = open2(\*CHLD_OUT, \*CHLD_IN, 'some', 'cmd', 'and', 'args'); # or with handle autovivification my($chld_out, $chld_in); $pid = open2($chld_out, $chld_in, 'some cmd and args'); # or without using the shell $pid = open2($chld_out, $chld_in, 'some', 'cmd',