Defined in header <locale> template< class Codecvt, class Elem = wchar_t, class Wide_alloc = std::allocator<Elem>, class Byte_alloc = std::allocator<char> > class wstring_convert; (since C++11) Class template std::wstring_convert performs conversions between byte string std::string and wide string std::basic_string<Elem>, using an individual code conversion facet Codecvt. std::wstring_convert assumes ownership of the con

template< class Rep, class Period > std::future_status wait_for( const std::chrono::duration<Rep,Period>& timeout_duration ) const; (since C++11) Waits for the result to become available. Blocks until specified timeout_duration has elapsed or the result becomes available, whichever comes first. Returns value identifies the state of the result. A steady clock is used to measure the duration. This function may block for longer than timeout_duration due to scheduling or res

Defined in header <ctime> std::clock_t clock(); Returns the approximate processor time used by the process since the beginning of an implementation-defined era related to the program's execution. To convert result value to seconds divide it by CLOCKS_PER_SEC. Only the difference between two values returned by different calls to std::clock is meaningful, as the beginning of the std::clock era does not have to coincide with the start of the program. std::clock time may advanc

nested_exception(); (1) (since C++11) nested_exception( const nested_exception& other ) = default; (2) (since C++11) Constructs new nested_exception object. 1) Default constructor. Stores an exception object obtained by calling std::current_exception() within the new nested_exception object. 2) Copy constructor. Initializes the object with the exception stored in other. Parameters other - nested exception to initialize the contents with Exceptions noexcept sp

Declares a named variable as a reference, that is, an alias to an already-existing object or function. Syntax A reference variable declaration is any simple declaration whose declarator has the form. & attr(optional) declarator (1) && attr(optional) declarator (2) (since C++11) 1) Lvalue reference declarator: the declaration S& D; declares D as an lvalue reference to the type determined by decl-specifier-seq S. 2) Rvalue reference declarator: the declaration S

Defined in header <cstring> int memcmp( const void* lhs, const void* rhs, std::size_t count ); Reinterprets the objects pointed to by lhs and rhs as arrays of unsigned char and compares the first count characters of these arrays. The comparison is done lexicographically. The sign of the result is the sign of the difference between the values of the first pair of bytes (both interpreted as unsigned char) that differ in the objects being compared. Parameters lhs, rhs -

Defined in header <locale> template< class CharT, class OutputIt = std::ostreambuf_iterator<CharT> > class money_put; Class std::money_put encapsulates the rules for formatting monetary values as strings. The standard I/O manipulator std::put_money uses the std::money_put facet of the I/O stream's locale. Inheritance diagram. Type requirements - InputIt must meet the requirements of InputIterator. Specializations Two standalone (locale-i

Defined in header <condition_variable> void notify_all_at_thread_exit( std::condition_variable& cond, std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk ); (since C++11) notify_all_at_thread_exit provides a mechanism to notify other threads that a given thread has completely finished, including destroying all thread_local objects. It operates as follows: Ownership of the previously acquired lock lk is transferred to internal storage. The execution

static const bool has_denorm_loss; (until C++11) static constexpr bool has_denorm_loss; (since C++11) The value of std::numeric_limits<T>::has_denorm_loss is true for all floating-point types T that detect loss of precision when creating a subnormal number as denormalization loss rather than as inexact result (see below). Standard specializations T value of std::numeric_limits<T>::has_denorm_loss /* non-specialized */ false bool false char false sig

Initialization of a variable provides its initial value at the time of construction. The initial value may be provided in the initializer section of a declarator or a new expression. It also takes place during function calls: function parameters and the function return values are also initialized. For each declarator, the initializer may be one of the following: ( expression-list ) (1) = expression (2) { initializer-list } (3) 1) comma-separated list of arbitrary expressi