native_handle_type native_handle(); (since C++11) (optional) Returns the underlying implementation-defined native handle object. Parameters (none). Return value Implementation-defined native handle object. Exceptions Implementation-defined. Example

Each C++ expression (an operator with its operands, a literal, a variable name, etc.) is characterized by two independent properties: a type and a value category. Each expression has some non-reference type, and each expression belongs to exactly one of the three primary value categories. Primary categories The primary value categories correspond to two properties of expressions: has identity: it's possible to determine whether the expression refers to the same entity as another expression,

Usage float type: as the declaration of the type

Defined in header <cmath> float fdim( float x, float y ); (1) (since C++11) double fdim( double x, double y ); (2) (since C++11) long double fdim( long double x, long double y ); (3) (since C++11) Promoted fdim( Arithmetic1 x, Arithmetic2 y ); (4) (since C++11) 1-3) Returns the positive difference between x and y, that is, if x>y, returns x-y, otherwise (if x≤y), returns +0. 4) A set of overloads or a function template for all combinatio

This section provides definitions for the specific terminology and the concepts used when describing the C++ programming language. A C++ program is a sequence of text files (typically header and source files) that contain declarations. They undergo translation to become an executable program, which is executed when the OS calls its main function. Certain words in a C++ program have special meaning, and these are known as keywords. Others can be used as identifiers. Comments are ignored during t

Defined in header <algorithm> template< class ForwardIt, class Generator > void generate( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, Generator g ); Assigns each element in range [first, last) a value generated by the given function object g. Parameters first, last - the range of elements to generate g - generator function object that will be called. The signature of the function should be equivalent to the following: Ret fun(); The type Ret must be such that

void reset(); (since C++11) Resets the internal state of the distribution object. After a call to this function, the next call to operator() on the distribution object will not be dependent on previous calls to operator(). Parameters (none). Return value (none). Complexity Constant.

const Engine& base() const; (since C++11) Returns the underlying engine. Parameters (none). Return value The underlying engine. Exceptions noexcept specification: noexcept

std::locale getloc() const; Returns the current locale associated with the stream. Parameters (none). Return value the locale object associated with the stream. Example #include <iostream> #include <ctime> #include <iomanip> #include <codecvt> int main() { std::wbuffer_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>> conv(std::cout.rdbuf()); std::wostream out(&conv); out.imbue(std::locale(out.getloc(), new s

template< class S, class T > class mem_fun_t : public unary_function<T*,S> { public: explicit mem_fun_t(S (T::*p)()); S operator()(T* p) const; }; (1) (until C++17)(deprecated since C++11) template< class S, class T > class const_mem_fun_t : public unary_function<const T*,S> { public: explicit const_mem_fun_t(S (T::*p)() const); S operator()(const T* p) const; }; (2) (until C++17)(deprecated since C++11) template< class S, class T, class