Defined in header <cstdlib> double atof( const char *str ); Interprets an floating point value in a byte string pointed to by str. Function discards any whitespace characters (as determined by std::isspace()) until first non-whitespace character is found. Then it takes as many characters as possible to form a valid floating point representation and converts them to floating point value. The valid floating point value can be one of the following: decimal floating point expre

Defined in header <cstdlib> int atoi( const char *str ); long atol( const char *str ); long long atoll( const char *str ); (since C++11) Interprets an integer value in a byte string pointed to by str. Discards any whitespace characters until the first non-whitespace character is found, then takes as many characters as possible to form a valid integer number representation and converts them to an integer value. The valid integer value consists of the f

Defined in header <valarray> template< class T > valarray<T> atan2( const valarray<T>& y, const valarray<T>& x ); (1) template< class T > valarray<T> atan2( const valarray<T>& y, const T& vx ); (2) template< class T > valarray<T> atan2( const T& vy, const valarray<T>& x ); (3) Computes the inverse tangent of y/x using the signs of arguments to correctly determine quadrant. 1)

Defined in header <complex> template< class T > complex<T> atanh( const complex<T>& z ); (since C++11) Computes the complex arc hyperbolic tangent of z with branch cuts outside the interval [−1; +1] along the real axis. Parameters z - complex value Return value If no errors occur, the complex arc hyperbolic tangent of z is returned, in the range of a half-strip mathematically unbounded along the real axis and in the interval [−iπ/2; +iπ/

Defined in header <cmath> float atanh( float arg ); (1) (since C++11) double atanh( double arg ); (2) (since C++11) long double atanh( long double arg ); (3) (since C++11) double atanh( Integral arg ); (4) (since C++11) Computes the inverse hyperbolic tangent of arg. 4) A set of overloads or a function template accepting an argument of any integral type. Equivalent to 2) (the argument is cast to double). Parameters arg - value of a

Defined in header <cstdlib> extern "C" int atexit( void (*func)() ); extern "C++" int atexit( void (*func)() ); Registers the function pointed to by func to be called on normal program termination (via std::exit() or returning from the cpp/language/main function). The functions will be called during the destruction of the static objects, in reverse order: if A was registered before B, then the call to B is made before the call to A. Same applies to the ordering betw

Defined in header <complex> template< class T > complex<T> atan( const complex<T>& z ); (since C++11) Computes complex arc tangent of a complex value z. Branch cut exists outside the interval [−i ; +i] along the imaginary axis. Parameters z - complex value Return value Complex arc tangent of z in the range [−iπ/2 ; +iπ/2] along the imaginary axis. Return value If no errors occur, complex arc tangent of z is returned, in the range of a

Defined in header <cmath> float atan2( float y, float x ); (1) double atan2( double y, double x ); (2) long double atan2( long double y, long double x ); (3) Promoted atan2( Arithmetic1 y, Arithmetic2 x ); (4) (since C++11) Computes the arc tangent of y/x using the signs of arguments to determine the correct quadrant. 4) A set of overloads or a function template for all combinations of arguments of arithmetic type not covered by 1-3). If any

Defined in header <valarray> template< class T > valarray<T> atan( const valarray<T>& va ); For each element in va computes arc tangent of the value of the element. Parameters va - value array to apply the operation to Return value Value array containing arc tangents of the values in va. Notes Unqualified function (atan) is used to perform the computation. If such function is not available, std::atan is used due to argument dependent l

Defined in header <utility> template <class T> constexpr std::add_const_t<T>& as_const(T& t) noexcept; (1) (since C++17) template <class T> void as_const(const T&&) = delete; (2) (since C++17) 1) Forms lvalue reference to const type of t 2) const rvalue reference overload is deleted to disallow rvalue arguments Possible implementation template <class T> constexpr std::add_const_t<T>& as_const(T& t) noexcept