long& iword( int index ); First, allocates or resizes the private storage (dynamic array of long or another indexable data structure) sufficiently to make index a valid index, then returns a reference to the long element of the private storage with the index index. The reference may be invalidated by any operation on this ios_base object, including another call to iword(), but the stored values are retained, so that reading from iword(index) with the same index later will produce th

unsigned long to_ulong() const Converts the contents of the bitset to an unsigned long integer. The first bit of the bitset corresponds to the least significant digit of the number and the last bit corresponds to the most significant digit. Parameters (none). Return value the converted integer. Exceptions throws std::overflow_error if the value can not be represented in unsigned long. Example #include <iostream> #include <bitset> int main() { for (unsigne

Defined in header <cmath> float atanh( float arg ); (1) (since C++11) double atanh( double arg ); (2) (since C++11) long double atanh( long double arg ); (3) (since C++11) double atanh( Integral arg ); (4) (since C++11) Computes the inverse hyperbolic tangent of arg. 4) A set of overloads or a function template accepting an argument of any integral type. Equivalent to 2) (the argument is cast to double). Parameters arg - value of a

Defined in header <cmath> float log10( float arg ); (1) double log10( double arg ); (2) long double log10( long double arg ); (3) double log10( Integral arg ); (4) (since C++11) 1-3) Computes the common (base-10) logarithm of arg. 4) A set of overloads or a function template accepting an argument of any integral type. Equivalent to 2) (the argument is cast to double). Parameters arg - value of floating-point or Integral type

Defined in header <complex> template <class T, class CharT, class Traits> std::basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& operator<<(std::basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os, const std::complex<T>& x); (1) template <class T, class CharT, class Traits> std::basic_istream<CharT, Traits>& operator>>(std::basic_istream<CharT, Traits>& is, std::complex<T>& x); (2)

template< class T > complex<T> operator+( const complex<T>& val ); (1) template< class T > complex<T> operator-( const complex<T>& val ); (2) Implements the analogs of the unary arithmetic operators for complex numbers. 1) Returns the value of its argument 2) Negates the argument Parameters val - the complex number argument Return value 1) a copy of the argument, complex<T>(val) 2) negated argument, complex<T&

Usage char type: as the declaration of the type

Defined in header <type_traits> template< class T > struct is_member_function_pointer; (since C++11) Checks whether T is a non-static member function pointer. Provides the member constant value which is equal to true, if T is a non-static member function pointer type. Otherwise, value is equal to false. Template parameters T - a type to check Helper variable template template< class T > constexpr bool is_member_function_pointer_v = is_member_fun

Defined in header <scoped_allocator> pointer allocate( size_type n ); (1) (since C++11) pointer allocate( size_type n, const_void_pointer hint ); (2) (since C++11) Uses the outer allocator to allocate uninitialized storage. 1) Calls std::allocator_traits<OuterAlloc>::allocate(outer_allocator(), n) 2) Additionally provides memory locality hint, by calling std::allocator_traits<OuterAlloc>::allocate(outer_allocator(), n, hint) Parameters n - the

Defined in header <cmath> float asin( float arg ); (1) double asin( double arg ); (2) long double asin( long double arg ); (3) double asin( Integral arg ); (4) (since C++11) Computes the principal value of the arc sine of arg. 4) A set of overloads or a function template accepting an argument of any integral type. Equivalent to 2) (the argument is cast to double). Parameters arg - value of a floating-point or Integral type Ret