This header is part of the containers library. Includes <initializer_list>(C++11) Classes vector dynamic contiguous array (class template) vector<bool> space-efficient dynamic bitset (class template specialization) std::hash<std::vector<bool>> (C++11) hash support for std::vector<bool> (class template specialization) Functions operator==operator!=operator<operator<=operator>operator>= lexicographically compares the va

Defined in header <cstdarg> void va_start( va_list ap, parm_n ); The va_start macro enables access to the variable arguments following the named argument parm_n. va_start should be invoked with an instance to a valid va_list object ap before any calls to va_arg. If parm_n is declared with reference type or with a type not compatible with the type that results from default argument promotions, the behavior is undefined. Parameters ap - an instance of the va_list type

Defined in header <cstdarg> void va_end( va_list ap ); The va_end macro performs cleanup for an ap object initialized by a call to va_start or va_copy. va_end may modify ap so that it is no longer usable. If there is no corresponding call to va_start or va_copy, or if va_end is not called before a function that calls va_start or va_copy returns, the behavior is undefined. Parameters ap - an instance of the va_list type to clean up Expanded value (none). See

Defined in header <cstdarg> void va_copy( va_list dest, va_list src ); (since C++11) The va_copy macro copies src to dest. va_end should be called on dest before the function returns or any subsequent re-initialization of dest (via calls to va_start or va_copy). Parameters dest - an instance of the va_list type to initialize src - the source va_list that will be used to initialize dest Expanded value (none). Example #include <iostream> #includ

Defined in header <cstdarg> T va_arg( va_list ap, T ); The va_arg macro expands to an expression of type T that corresponds to the next parameter from the va_list ap. Prior to calling va_arg, ap must be initialized by a call to either va_start or va_copy, with no intervening call to va_end. Each invocation of the va_arg macro modifies ap to point to the next variable argument. If va_arg is called when there are no more arguments in ap, or if the type of the next argument in

Variadic functions are functions (e.g. std::printf) which take a variable number of arguments. To declare a variadic function, an ellipsis is used as the last parameter, e.g. int printf(const char* format, ...);. See Variadic arguments for additional detail on the syntax, automatic argument conversions and the alternatives. To access the variadic arguments from the function body, the following library facilities are provided: Defined in header <cstdarg> va_start enables access to v

Allows a function to accept any number of arguments. Indicated by the parameter of the form ... which must appear last in the parameter-list of a function declaration. Where syntactically correct, , ... may be replaced by .... // the function declared as follows int printx(const char* fmt, ...); // may be called with one or more arguments: printx("hello world"); printx("a=%d b=%d", a, b); int printx(const char* fmt...); // same as above (comma is optional) int printy(..., const char* fmt); //

A variable template defines a family of variables or static data members. Syntax template < parameter-list > variable-declaration Explanation variable-declaration - a declaration of a variable. The declared variable name becomes a template name. parameter-list - a non-empty comma-separated list of the template parameters, each of which is either non-type parameter, a type parameter, a template parameter, or a parameter pack of any of those. A variable template

Two objects of this type can be dereferenced and the resulting values can be swapped using unqualified function call swap() in the context where both std::swap and the user-defined swap()s are visible. Requirements Type T is ValueSwappable if. 1) Type T satisfies the Iterator requirements 2) For any dereferencable object x of type T (that is, any value other than the end iterator), *x satisfies the Swappable requirements. Many standard library functions expect their arguments to satisfy Va

This is the initialization performed when a variable is constructed with an empty initializer. Syntax T(); (1) new T (); (2) Class::Class(...) : member() {... (3) T object {}; (4) (since C++11) T{}; (5) (since C++11) new T {}; (6) (since C++11) Class::Class(...) :member{} {... (7) (since C++11) Explanation Value initialization is performed in these situations: 1,5) when a nameless temporary object is created with the initializer consisting of