dispatch.Signal.send_robust()

Signal.send_robust(sender, **kwargs) [source]

To send a signal, call either Signal.send() (all built-in signals use this) or Signal.send_robust(). You must provide the sender argument (which is a class most of the time) and may provide as many other keyword arguments as you like.

For example, here’s how sending our pizza_done signal might look:

class PizzaStore(object):
    ...

    def send_pizza(self, toppings, size):
        pizza_done.send(sender=self.__class__, toppings=toppings, size=size)
        ...

Both send() and send_robust() return a list of tuple pairs [(receiver, response), ... ], representing the list of called receiver functions and their response values.

send() differs from send_robust() in how exceptions raised by receiver functions are handled. send() does not catch any exceptions raised by receivers; it simply allows errors to propagate. Thus not all receivers may be notified of a signal in the face of an error.

send_robust() catches all errors derived from Python’s Exception class, and ensures all receivers are notified of the signal. If an error occurs, the error instance is returned in the tuple pair for the receiver that raised the error.

The tracebacks are present on the __traceback__ attribute of the errors returned when calling send_robust().