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class sklearn.tree.DecisionTreeRegressor(criterion='mse', splitter='best', max_depth=None, min_samples_split=2, min_samples_leaf=1, min_weight_fraction_leaf=0.0, max_features=None, random_state=None, max_leaf_nodes=None, min_impurity_split=1e-07, presort=False)
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A decision tree regressor.
Read more in the User Guide.
Parameters: criterion : string, optional (default=?mse?)
The function to measure the quality of a split. Supported criteria are ?mse? for the mean squared error, which is equal to variance reduction as feature selection criterion, and ?mae? for the mean absolute error.
New in version 0.18: Mean Absolute Error (MAE) criterion.
splitter : string, optional (default=?best?)
The strategy used to choose the split at each node. Supported strategies are ?best? to choose the best split and ?random? to choose the best random split.
max_features : int, float, string or None, optional (default=None)
The number of features to consider when looking for the best split:
- If int, then consider
max_features
features at each split. - If float, then
max_features
is a percentage andint(max_features * n_features)
features are considered at each split. - If ?auto?, then
max_features=n_features
. - If ?sqrt?, then
max_features=sqrt(n_features)
. - If ?log2?, then
max_features=log2(n_features)
. - If None, then
max_features=n_features
.
Note: the search for a split does not stop until at least one valid partition of the node samples is found, even if it requires to effectively inspect more than
max_features
features.max_depth : int or None, optional (default=None)
The maximum depth of the tree. If None, then nodes are expanded until all leaves are pure or until all leaves contain less than min_samples_split samples.
min_samples_split : int, float, optional (default=2)
The minimum number of samples required to split an internal node:
- If int, then consider
min_samples_split
as the minimum number. - If float, then
min_samples_split
is a percentage andceil(min_samples_split * n_samples)
are the minimum number of samples for each split.
Changed in version 0.18: Added float values for percentages.
min_samples_leaf : int, float, optional (default=1)
The minimum number of samples required to be at a leaf node:
- If int, then consider
min_samples_leaf
as the minimum number. - If float, then
min_samples_leaf
is a percentage andceil(min_samples_leaf * n_samples)
are the minimum number of samples for each node.
Changed in version 0.18: Added float values for percentages.
min_weight_fraction_leaf : float, optional (default=0.)
The minimum weighted fraction of the sum total of weights (of all the input samples) required to be at a leaf node. Samples have equal weight when sample_weight is not provided.
max_leaf_nodes : int or None, optional (default=None)
Grow a tree with
max_leaf_nodes
in best-first fashion. Best nodes are defined as relative reduction in impurity. If None then unlimited number of leaf nodes.random_state : int, RandomState instance or None, optional (default=None)
If int, random_state is the seed used by the random number generator; If RandomState instance, random_state is the random number generator; If None, the random number generator is the RandomState instance used by
np.random
.min_impurity_split : float, optional (default=1e-7)
Threshold for early stopping in tree growth. If the impurity of a node is below the threshold, the node is a leaf.
New in version 0.18.
presort : bool, optional (default=False)
Whether to presort the data to speed up the finding of best splits in fitting. For the default settings of a decision tree on large datasets, setting this to true may slow down the training process. When using either a smaller dataset or a restricted depth, this may speed up the training.
Attributes: feature_importances_ : array of shape = [n_features]
The feature importances. The higher, the more important the feature. The importance of a feature is computed as the (normalized) total reduction of the criterion brought by that feature. It is also known as the Gini importance [R249].
max_features_ : int,
The inferred value of max_features.
n_features_ : int
The number of features when
fit
is performed.n_outputs_ : int
The number of outputs when
fit
is performed.tree_ : Tree object
The underlying Tree object.
See also
References
[R246] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_tree_learning [R247] L. Breiman, J. Friedman, R. Olshen, and C. Stone, ?Classification and Regression Trees?, Wadsworth, Belmont, CA, 1984. [R248] T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani and J. Friedman. ?Elements of Statistical Learning?, Springer, 2009. [R249] (1, 2) L. Breiman, and A. Cutler, ?Random Forests?, http://www.stat.berkeley.edu/~breiman/RandomForests/cc_home.htm Examples
>>> from sklearn.datasets import load_boston >>> from sklearn.model_selection import cross_val_score >>> from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeRegressor >>> boston = load_boston() >>> regressor = DecisionTreeRegressor(random_state=0) >>> cross_val_score(regressor, boston.data, boston.target, cv=10) ... ... array([ 0.61..., 0.57..., -0.34..., 0.41..., 0.75..., 0.07..., 0.29..., 0.33..., -1.42..., -1.77...])
Methods
apply
(X[, check_input])Returns the index of the leaf that each sample is predicted as. decision_path
(X[, check_input])Return the decision path in the tree fit
(X, y[, sample_weight, check_input, ...])Build a decision tree regressor from the training set (X, y). fit_transform
(X[, y])Fit to data, then transform it. get_params
([deep])Get parameters for this estimator. predict
(X[, check_input])Predict class or regression value for X. score
(X, y[, sample_weight])Returns the coefficient of determination R^2 of the prediction. set_params
(\*\*params)Set the parameters of this estimator. transform
(\*args, \*\*kwargs)DEPRECATED: Support to use estimators as feature selectors will be removed in version 0.19. -
__init__(criterion='mse', splitter='best', max_depth=None, min_samples_split=2, min_samples_leaf=1, min_weight_fraction_leaf=0.0, max_features=None, random_state=None, max_leaf_nodes=None, min_impurity_split=1e-07, presort=False)
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apply(X, check_input=True)
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Returns the index of the leaf that each sample is predicted as.
New in version 0.17.
Parameters: X : array_like or sparse matrix, shape = [n_samples, n_features]
The input samples. Internally, it will be converted to
dtype=np.float32
and if a sparse matrix is provided to a sparsecsr_matrix
.check_input : boolean, (default=True)
Allow to bypass several input checking. Don?t use this parameter unless you know what you do.
Returns: X_leaves : array_like, shape = [n_samples,]
For each datapoint x in X, return the index of the leaf x ends up in. Leaves are numbered within
[0; self.tree_.node_count)
, possibly with gaps in the numbering.
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decision_path(X, check_input=True)
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Return the decision path in the tree
New in version 0.18.
Parameters: X : array_like or sparse matrix, shape = [n_samples, n_features]
The input samples. Internally, it will be converted to
dtype=np.float32
and if a sparse matrix is provided to a sparsecsr_matrix
.check_input : boolean, (default=True)
Allow to bypass several input checking. Don?t use this parameter unless you know what you do.
Returns: indicator : sparse csr array, shape = [n_samples, n_nodes]
Return a node indicator matrix where non zero elements indicates that the samples goes through the nodes.
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feature_importances_
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Return the feature importances.
The importance of a feature is computed as the (normalized) total reduction of the criterion brought by that feature. It is also known as the Gini importance.
Returns: feature_importances_ : array, shape = [n_features]
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fit(X, y, sample_weight=None, check_input=True, X_idx_sorted=None)
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Build a decision tree regressor from the training set (X, y).
Parameters: X : array-like or sparse matrix, shape = [n_samples, n_features]
The training input samples. Internally, it will be converted to
dtype=np.float32
and if a sparse matrix is provided to a sparsecsc_matrix
.y : array-like, shape = [n_samples] or [n_samples, n_outputs]
The target values (real numbers). Use
dtype=np.float64
andorder='C'
for maximum efficiency.sample_weight : array-like, shape = [n_samples] or None
Sample weights. If None, then samples are equally weighted. Splits that would create child nodes with net zero or negative weight are ignored while searching for a split in each node.
check_input : boolean, (default=True)
Allow to bypass several input checking. Don?t use this parameter unless you know what you do.
X_idx_sorted : array-like, shape = [n_samples, n_features], optional
The indexes of the sorted training input samples. If many tree are grown on the same dataset, this allows the ordering to be cached between trees. If None, the data will be sorted here. Don?t use this parameter unless you know what to do.
Returns: self : object
Returns self.
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fit_transform(X, y=None, **fit_params)
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Fit to data, then transform it.
Fits transformer to X and y with optional parameters fit_params and returns a transformed version of X.
Parameters: X : numpy array of shape [n_samples, n_features]
Training set.
y : numpy array of shape [n_samples]
Target values.
Returns: X_new : numpy array of shape [n_samples, n_features_new]
Transformed array.
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get_params(deep=True)
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Get parameters for this estimator.
Parameters: deep : boolean, optional
If True, will return the parameters for this estimator and contained subobjects that are estimators.
Returns: params : mapping of string to any
Parameter names mapped to their values.
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predict(X, check_input=True)
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Predict class or regression value for X.
For a classification model, the predicted class for each sample in X is returned. For a regression model, the predicted value based on X is returned.
Parameters: X : array-like or sparse matrix of shape = [n_samples, n_features]
The input samples. Internally, it will be converted to
dtype=np.float32
and if a sparse matrix is provided to a sparsecsr_matrix
.check_input : boolean, (default=True)
Allow to bypass several input checking. Don?t use this parameter unless you know what you do.
Returns: y : array of shape = [n_samples] or [n_samples, n_outputs]
The predicted classes, or the predict values.
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score(X, y, sample_weight=None)
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Returns the coefficient of determination R^2 of the prediction.
The coefficient R^2 is defined as (1 - u/v), where u is the regression sum of squares ((y_true - y_pred) ** 2).sum() and v is the residual sum of squares ((y_true - y_true.mean()) ** 2).sum(). Best possible score is 1.0 and it can be negative (because the model can be arbitrarily worse). A constant model that always predicts the expected value of y, disregarding the input features, would get a R^2 score of 0.0.
Parameters: X : array-like, shape = (n_samples, n_features)
Test samples.
y : array-like, shape = (n_samples) or (n_samples, n_outputs)
True values for X.
sample_weight : array-like, shape = [n_samples], optional
Sample weights.
Returns: score : float
R^2 of self.predict(X) wrt. y.
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set_params(**params)
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Set the parameters of this estimator.
The method works on simple estimators as well as on nested objects (such as pipelines). The latter have parameters of the form
<component>__<parameter>
so that it?s possible to update each component of a nested object.Returns: self :
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transform(*args, **kwargs)
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DEPRECATED: Support to use estimators as feature selectors will be removed in version 0.19. Use SelectFromModel instead.
Reduce X to its most important features.
Usescoef_
orfeature_importances_
to determine the most important features. For models with acoef_
for each class, the absolute sum over the classes is used.Parameters: X : array or scipy sparse matrix of shape [n_samples, n_features]
The input samples.
- threshold
-
The threshold value to use for feature selection. Features whose importance is greater or equal are kept while the others are discarded. If ?median? (resp. ?mean?), then the threshold value is the median (resp. the mean) of the feature importances. A scaling factor (e.g., ?1.25*mean?) may also be used. If None and if available, the object attribute
threshold
is used. Otherwise, ?mean? is used by default.
Returns:
X_r : array of shape [n_samples, n_selected_features]
The input samples with only the selected features.
- If int, then consider
tree.DecisionTreeRegressor()
Examples using
2017-01-15 04:27:18
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