os.path.samefile(path1, path2) Return True if both pathname arguments refer to the same file or directory. This is determined by the device number and i-node number and raises an exception if an os.stat() call on either pathname fails. Availability: Unix, Windows. Changed in version 3.2: Added Windows support. Changed in version 3.4: Windows now uses the same implementation as all other platforms.

os.path.relpath(path, start=os.curdir) Return a relative filepath to path either from the current directory or from an optional start directory. This is a path computation: the filesystem is not accessed to confirm the existence or nature of path or start. start defaults to os.curdir. Availability: Unix, Windows.

os.path.realpath(path) Return the canonical path of the specified filename, eliminating any symbolic links encountered in the path (if they are supported by the operating system).

os.path.normpath(path) Normalize a pathname by collapsing redundant separators and up-level references so that A//B, A/B/, A/./B and A/foo/../B all become A/B. This string manipulation may change the meaning of a path that contains symbolic links. On Windows, it converts forward slashes to backward slashes. To normalize case, use normcase().

os.path.normcase(path) Normalize the case of a pathname. On Unix and Mac OS X, this returns the path unchanged; on case-insensitive filesystems, it converts the path to lowercase. On Windows, it also converts forward slashes to backward slashes. Raise a TypeError if the type of path is not str or bytes.

os.path.lexists(path) Return True if path refers to an existing path. Returns True for broken symbolic links. Equivalent to exists() on platforms lacking os.lstat().

os.path.join(path, *paths) Join one or more path components intelligently. The return value is the concatenation of path and any members of *paths with exactly one directory separator (os.sep) following each non-empty part except the last, meaning that the result will only end in a separator if the last part is empty. If a component is an absolute path, all previous components are thrown away and joining continues from the absolute path component. On Windows, the drive letter is not reset wh

os.path.ismount(path) Return True if pathname path is a mount point: a point in a file system where a different file system has been mounted. On POSIX, the function checks whether path‘s parent, path/.., is on a different device than path, or whether path/.. and path point to the same i-node on the same device — this should detect mount points for all Unix and POSIX variants. On Windows, a drive letter root and a share UNC are always mount points, and for any other path GetVolumePathName is

os.path.islink(path) Return True if path refers to a directory entry that is a symbolic link. Always False if symbolic links are not supported by the Python runtime.

os.path.isfile(path) Return True if path is an existing regular file. This follows symbolic links, so both islink() and isfile() can be true for the same path.