Enables implicit conversion or explicit conversion from a class type to another type. Syntax Conversion function is declared like a non-static member function or member function template with no explicit return type and with the name of the form: operator conversion-type-id (1) explicit operator conversion-type-id (2) (since C++11) 1) Declares a user-defined conversion function that participates in all implicit and explicit conversions 2) Declares a user-defined conversion f

Defined in header <algorithm> template< class RandomIt > void sort_heap( RandomIt first, RandomIt last ); (1) template< class RandomIt, class Compare > void sort_heap( RandomIt first, RandomIt last, Compare comp ); (2) Converts the max heap [first, last) into a sorted range in ascending order. The resulting range no longer has the heap property. The first version of the function uses operator< to compare the elements, the second uses the given compariso

Usage volatile type qualifier

A move constructor of class T is a non-template constructor whose first parameter is T&&, const T&&, volatile T&&, or const volatile T&&, and either there are no other parameters, or the rest of the parameters all have default values. Syntax class_name ( class_name && ) (1) (since C++11) class_name ( class_name && ) = default; (2) (since C++11) class_name ( class_name && ) = delete; (3) (since C++11) Explanation

protected: virtual int_type overflow ( int_type c = Traits::eof() ); Writes some data from the put area to the associated character sequence (to the file). Behaves like the base class std::basic_streambuf::overflow, except that to write the data, first uses codecvt::out() of the imbued locale to convert the characters into external (possibly multibyte) representation, stored in a temporary buffer (allocated as large as necessary), then uses file I/O to copy all fully-converted bytes int

Defined in header <memory> void deallocate( pointer p, size_type n ); Deallocates the storage referenced by the pointer p, which must be a pointer obtained by an earlier call to allocate(). The argument n must be equal to the first argument of the call to allocate() that originally produced p. Calls ::operator delete(void*), but it is unspecified when and how it is called. Parameters p - pointer obtained from allocate() n - number of objects earlier passed to

Iterator base() const; Returns the underlying base iterator. Parameters (none). Return value The underlying iterator. Exceptions (none). Example See also operator*operator-> accesses the pointed-to element (public member function)

A destructor is a special member function that is called when the lifetime of an object ends. The purpose of the destructor is to free the resources that the object may have acquired during its lifetime. Syntax ~ class_name (); (1) virtual ~ class_name (); (2) ~ class_name () = default; (3) (since C++11) ~ class_name () = delete; (4) (since C++11) attr(optional) decl-specifier-seq(optional) id-expression ( void(optional) ) except(optional) attr(optional) ; (5)

Defined in header <locale> template< class CharT, class InputIt = std::istreambuf_iterator<CharT> > class num_get; Class std::num_get encapsulates the rules for parsing string representations of numeric values. Specifically, types bool, unsigned short, unsigned int, long, unsigned long, long long, unsigned long long, float, double, long double, and void* are supported. The standard formatting input operators (such as cin >> n;) use the std::num_ge

protected: virtual int_type overflow (int_type c = EOF); Appends the character c to the put area of the buffer, reallocating if possible. 1) If c==EOF, does nothing 2) Otherwise, if the put area has a write position available (pptr() < epptr()), stores the character as if by *pptr()++ = c 3) Otherwise, if the stream buffer mode is not dynamic or the stream buffer is currently frozen, the function fails and returns EOF 4) Otherwise, the function reallocates (or initially allocat