Defined in header <cctype> int isupper( int ch ); Checks if the given character is an uppercase character as classified by the currently installed C locale. In the default "C" locale, isupper returns true only for the uppercase letters (ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ). If isupper returns true, it is guaranteed that iscntrl, isdigit, ispunct, and isspace return false for the same character in the same C locale. The behavior is undefined if the value of ch is not representable as

basic_istream& ignore( std::streamsize count = 1, int_type delim = Traits::eof() ); Extracts and discards characters from the input stream until and including delim. ignore behaves as an UnformattedInputFunction. After constructing and checking the sentry object, it extracts characters from the stream and discards them until any one of the following conditions occurs: count characters were extracted. This test is disabled in the special case when count equals std::numeric_limits<

template< class CharT, class Traits > basic_istream<CharT,Traits>& operator>>( basic_istream<CharT,Traits>& st, CharT& ch ); template< class Traits > basic_istream<char,Traits>& operator>>( basic_istream<char,Traits>& st, signed char& ch ); template< class Traits > basic_istream<char,Traits>& operator>>( basic_istream<char,Traits>& st, unsigned char& ch ); (1) template< class

template <class... Args> iterator emplace_hint( const_iterator hint, Args&&... args ); (since C++11) Inserts a new element into the container as close as possible to the position just before hint. The element is constructed in-place, i.e. no copy or move operations are performed. The constructor of the element is called with exactly the same arguments as supplied to the function, forwarded with std::forward<Args>(args).... No iterators or references are invalidated.

Defined in header <type_traits> template< class T > struct is_arithmetic; (since C++11) If T is an arithmetic type (that is, an integral type or a floating-point type), provides the member constant value equal true. For any other type, value is false. Template parameters T - a type to check Helper variable template template< class T > constexpr bool is_arithmetic_v = is_arithmetic<T>::value; (since C++17) Inherited from std::inte

Defined in header <type_traits> template< class T > struct alignment_of; (since C++11) Provides the member constant value equal to the alignment requirement of the type T, as if obtained by an alignof expression. If T is an array type, returns the alignment requirements of the element type. If T is a reference type, returns the alignment requirements of the type referred to. If alignof(T) is not a valid expression, the behavior is undefined. Helper variable templat

Defined in header <cstdlib> void* realloc( void* ptr, std::size_t new_size ); Reallocates the given area of memory. It must be previously allocated by std::malloc(), std::calloc() or std::realloc() and not yet freed with std::free(), otherwise, the results are undefined. The reallocation is done by either: a) expanding or contracting the existing area pointed to by ptr, if possible. The contents of the area remain unchanged up to the lesser of the new and old sizes. If the

Defined in header <cuchar> std::size_t mbrtoc16( char16_t* pc16, const char* s, std::size_t n, std::mbstate_t* ps ); (since C++11) Converts a narrow multibyte character to UTF-16 character representation. If s is not a null pointer, inspects at most n bytes of the multibyte character string, beginning with the byte pointed to by s to determine the number of bytes necessary to complete the next multibyte chara

Defined in header <regex> template< class BidirIt, class Alloc = std::allocator<std::sub_match<BidirIt>> > class match_results; (since C++11) The class template std::match_results holds a collection of character sequences that represent the result of a regular expression match. This is a specialized allocator-aware container. It can only be default created, obtained from std::regex_iterator, or modified by std::regex_search or std::regex_match. Bec

A copy constructor of class T is a non-template constructor whose first parameter is T&, const T&, volatile T&, or const volatile T&, and either there are no other parameters, or the rest of the parameters all have default values. Syntax class_name ( const class_name & ) (1) class_name ( const class_name & ) = default; (2) class_name ( const class_name & ) = delete; (3) Explanation Typical declaration of a copy constructor Forcing a copy