Defined in header <random> template< class Engine, std::size_t K > class shuffle_order_engine; (since C++11) shuffle_order_engine is a random number engine adaptor that shuffles the random numbers generated by the base engine. It maintains a table of size K and delivers a randomly selected number from that table when requested, replacing it with a number generated by the base engine. The following typedef defines the random number engine with one commonly use

Binds a reference to an object. Syntax T & ref = object ; T & ref = { arg1, arg2, ... }; T & ref ( object ) ; T & ref { arg1, arg2, ... } ; (1) T && ref = object ; T && ref = { arg1, arg2, ... }; T && ref ( object ) ; T && ref { arg1, arg2, ... } ; (2) (since C++11) given R fn ( T & arg ); or R fn ( T && arg ); fn ( object ). fn ( { arg1, arg2, ... } ). (3) given T & fn () { or T && fn () { retur

basic_istream& getline( char_type* s, std::streamsize count ); (1) basic_istream& getline( char_type* s, std::streamsize count, char_type delim ); (2) Extracts characters from stream until end of line or the specified delimiter delim. The first version is equivalent to getline(s, count, widen('\n')). Behaves as UnformattedInputFunction. After constructing and checking the sentry object, extracts characters from *this and stores them in successive locations of the array who

Defined in header <complex> template< class T > complex<T> tan( const complex<T>& z ); Computes complex tangent of a complex value z. Parameters z - complex value Return value If no errors occur, the complex tangent of z is returned. Errors and special cases are handled as if the operation is implemented by -i * std::tanh(i*z), where i is the imaginary unit. Notes Tangent is an analytical function on the complex plain and has no branc

Usage typedef declaration

Defined in header <cstdio> int vprintf( const char* format, va_list vlist ); (1) int vfprintf( std::FILE* stream, const char* format, va_list vlist ); (2) int vsprintf( char* buffer, const char* format, va_list vlist ); (3) int vsnprintf( char* buffer, std::size_t buf_size, const char* format, va_list vlist ); (4) (since C++11) Loads the data from the locations, defined by vlist, converts them to character string equivalents and writes the results to a var

Defined in header <cctype> int isblank( int ch ); (since C++11) Checks if the given character is a blank character as classified by the currently installed C locale. Blank characters are whitespace characters used to separate words within a sentence. In the default C locale, only space (0x20) and horizontal tab (0x09) are classified as blank characters. The behavior is undefined if the value of ch is not representable as unsigned char and is not equal to EOF. Parameters

Defined in header <bitset> template< std::size_t N > class bitset; The class template bitset represents a fixed-size sequence of N bits. Bitsets can be manipulated by standard logic operators and converted to and from strings and integers. bitset meets the requirements of CopyConstructible and CopyAssignable. Template parameters N - the number of bits to allocate storage for Member types reference proxy class representing a reference to a bit (class)

Defined in header <cstdio> std::FILE* fopen( const char* filename, const char* mode ); Opens a file indicated by filename and returns a file stream associated with that file. mode is used to determine the file access mode. Parameters filename - file name to associate the file stream to mode - null-terminated character string determining file access mode File access mode string Meaning Explanation Action if file already exists Action if file does not

Defined in header <random> template< class RealType = double > class normal_distribution; (since C++11) Generates random numbers according to the Normal (or Gaussian) random number distribution. It is defined as: f(x; μ,σ) = 1σ√2π exp⎛⎜⎝- 12 ⎛⎜⎝ x-μσ ⎞⎟⎠2⎞⎟⎠ Here μ is the mean and σ is the standard deviation (stddev). std::normal_distribution satisfies all requirements of RandomNumberDistribution. Template parameters RealType - The result type genera