Defined in header <iterator> template< class CharT, class Traits = std::char_traits<CharT> > class istreambuf_iterator : public std::iterator< std::input_iterator_tag, CharT, typename Traits::off_type, /* unspecified, usually CharT* */, CharT > (until C++17) te

Defined in header <memory> template< class Ptr > struct pointer_traits; (1) (since C++11) template< class T > struct pointer_traits<T*>; (2) (since C++11) The pointer_traits class template provides the standardized way to access certain properties of pointer-like types. The standard template std::allocator_traits relies on pointer_traits to determine the defaults for various typedefs required by Allocator. 1) The non-specialized pointer_traits declar

Defined in header <condition_variable> class condition_variable; (since C++11) The condition_variable class is a synchronization primitive that can be used to block a thread, or multiple threads at the same time, until another thread both modifies a shared variable (the condition), and notifies the condition_variable. The thread that intends to modify the variable has to. acquire a std::mutex (typically via std::lock_guard) perform the modification while the lock is held

(1) explicit unordered_multiset( size_type bucket_count = /*implementation-defined*/, const Hash& hash = Hash(), const KeyEqual& equal = KeyEqual(), const Allocator& alloc = Allocator() ); (since C++11) (until C++14) unordered_multiset() : unordered_multiset( size_type(/*implementation-defined*/) {} explicit unordered_multiset( size_type bucket_count, const Has

Usage bool type: as the declaration of the type

atomic() = default; (1) (since C++11) constexpr atomic( T desired ); (2) (since C++11) atomic( const atomic& ) = delete; (3) (since C++11) Constructs new atomic variable. 1) The default constructor is trivial: no initialization takes place other than zero initialization of static and thread-local objects. std::atomic_init may be used to complete initialization. 2) Initializes the underlying value with desired. The initialization is not atomic. 3) Atomic variables are

Defined in header <algorithm> template< class RandomIt > void stable_sort( RandomIt first, RandomIt last ); (1) template< class RandomIt, class Compare > void stable_sort( RandomIt first, RandomIt last, Compare comp ); (2) Sorts the elements in the range [first, last) in ascending order. The order of equal elements is guaranteed to be preserved. The first version uses operator< to compare the elements, the second version uses the given comparison functi

regex_iterator(); (1) (since C++11) regex_iterator(BidirIt a, BidirIt b, const regex_type& re, std::regex_constants::match_flag_type m = std::regex_constants::match_default); (2) (since C++11) regex_iterator(const regex_iterator&); (3) (since C++11) regex_iterator(BidirIt, BidirIt, const regex_type&&, std::regex_constants::match_flag_type = std::regex_constants::m

Usage switch statement: as the declaration of the case labels

Defined in header <locale> template< class CharT > class ctype_byname : public std::ctype<CharT>; std::ctype_byname is a std::ctype facet which encapsulates character classification rules of the locale specified at its construction. Two specializations are provided by the standard library. Defined in header <locale> std::ctype_byname<char> provides narrow character classification. This specialization uses table lookup for character classificati