Defined in header <algorithm> template< class InputIt1, class InputIt2, class OutputIt > OutputIt set_union( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1, InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2, OutputIt d_first ); (1) template< class InputIt1, class InputIt2, class OutputIt, class Compare > OutputIt set_union( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1, InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2, OutputIt d_first,

Defined in header <utility> template< class T > typename std::add_rvalue_reference<T>::type declval(); (since C++11) Converts any type T to a reference type, making it possible to use member functions in decltype expressions without the need to go through constructors. declval is commonly used in templates where acceptable template parameters may have no constructor in common, but have the same member function whose return type is needed. Note that because no de

Establishes an exception handler around the body of a function. Syntax The function-try-block is one of the alternative syntax forms for function-body, which is a part of function definition. try ctor-initializer(optional) compound-statement handler-sequence ctor-initializer - member initializer list, only allowed in constructors compound-statement - the brace-enclosed sequence of statements that constututes the body of a function handler-sequence - sequence of one o

template< class Clock, class Duration > bool try_lock_shared_until( const std::chrono::time_point<Clock,Duration>& timeout_time ); (since C++14) Tries to lock the mutex in shared mode. Blocks until specified timeout_time has been reached or the lock is acquired, whichever comes first. On successful lock acquisition returns true, otherwise returns false. If timeout_time has already passed, this function behaves like try_lock_shared(). The clock tied to timeout_time is use

template< class T > complex<T> operator+( const complex<T>& lhs, const complex<T>& rhs); (1) template< class T > complex<T> operator+( const complex<T>& lhs, const T& rhs); (2) template< class T > complex<T> operator+( const T& lhs, const complex<T>& rhs); (3) template< class T > complex<T> operator-( const complex<T>& lhs, const complex<T>& rhs); (4) temp

basic_string& assign( size_type count, CharT ch ); (1) basic_string& assign( const basic_string& str ); (2) (3) basic_string& assign( const basic_string& str, size_type pos, size_type count ); (until C++14) basic_string& assign( const basic_string& str, size_type pos, size_type count = npos); (since C++14) basic_string& assign( basic_string&& s

Allows customizing class templates for a given category of template arguments. Syntax template < parameter-list > class-key class-head-name < argument-list > declaration where class-head-name identifies the name of a previously declared class template. This declaration must be in the same namespace as the primary template definition which it specializes. For example, template<class T1, class T2, int I> class A {}; // primary template template<class T, int I>

Defined in header <string> template< class CharT > class char_traits; The char_traits class is a traits class template that abstracts basic character and string operations for a given character type. The defined operation set is such that generic algorithms almost always can be implemented in terms of it. It is thus possible to use such algorithms with almost any possible character or string type, just by supplying customized char_traits class. The char_traits cl

const CharT* data() const; Returns pointer to the underlying array serving as character storage. The pointer is such that the range [data(); data() + size()) is valid and the values in it correspond to the values stored in the string. The returned array is not required to be null-terminated. If empty() returns true, the pointer is a non-null pointer that should not be dereferenced. (until C++11) The returned array is null-terminated, that is, data() and c_str() perform the same func

T min() const; Computes the minimum value of the elements. If there are no elements, the behavior is undefined. The function can be used only if operator< is defined for type T. Parameters (none). Return value The minimum of the elements. Example See also max returns the largest element (public member function)