Usage final specifier

This header is part of the compile-time rational arithmetic library. Classes ratio represents exact rational fraction (class template) Arithmetic ratio_add (C++11) adds two ratio objects at compile-time (alias template) ratio_subtract (C++11) subtracts two ratio objects at compile-time (alias template) ratio_multiply (C++11) multiplies two ratio objects at compile-time (alias template) ratio_divide (C++11) divides two ratio objects at compile-time (ali

Defined in header <locale> template< class CharT, bool International = false > class moneypunct; The facet std::moneypunct encapsulates monetary value format preferences. Stream I/O manipulators std::get_money and std::put_money use std::moneypunct through std::money_get and std::money_put for parsing monetary value input and formatting monetary value output. Inheritance diagram. Four standalone (locale-independent) specializations are provided by the standard l

static const size_type npos = -1; This is a special value equal to the maximum value representable by the type size_type. The exact meaning depends on context, but it is generally used either as end of string indicator by the functions that expect a string index or as the error indicator by the functions that return a string index. Example #include <iostream> #include <bitset> #include <string> int main() { // string search functions return npos if nothing i

T& at( const Key& key ); (1) (since C++11) const T& at( const Key& key ) const; (2) (since C++11) Returns a reference to the mapped value of the element with key equivalent to key. If no such element exists, an exception of type std::out_of_range is thrown. Parameters key - the key of the element to find Return value Reference to the mapped value of the requested element. Exceptions std::out_of_range if the container does not have an element with t

static void assign( char_type& r, const char_type& a ); (1) static char_type* assign( char_type* p, std::size_t count, char_type a ); (2) Assigns a character. 1) Assigns character a to character r. 2) Assigns character a to each character in count characters in the character sequence pointed to by p. Parameters a - character value to assign r - character to assign to p - pointer to a character sequence to assign to count - the length of the char

Defined in header <complex> template< class T > complex<T> atan( const complex<T>& z ); (since C++11) Computes complex arc tangent of a complex value z. Branch cut exists outside the interval [−i ; +i] along the imaginary axis. Parameters z - complex value Return value Complex arc tangent of z in the range [−iπ/2 ; +iπ/2] along the imaginary axis. Return value If no errors occur, complex arc tangent of z is returned, in the range of a

void close(); Closes the associated file. Effectively calls rdbuf()->close(). If an error occurs during operation, setstate(failbit) is called. Parameters (none). Return value (none). Notes This function is called by the destructor of basic_ofstream when the stream object goes out of scope and is not usually invoked directly. Example See also is_open checks if the stream has an associated file (public member function) open opens a file and associates it with t

Defined in header <cwchar> std::size_t mbrtowc( wchar_t* pwc, const char* s, std::size_t n, std::mbstate_t* ps ); Converts a narrow multibyte character to a wide character. If s is not a null pointer, inspects at most n bytes of the multibyte character string, beginning with the byte pointed to by s to determine the number of bytes necessary to complete the next multibyte character (including any shift sequences

Defined in header <memory> template< class T > T* undeclare_reachable( T* p ); (since C++11) Removes the reachable status of the object, referenced by the pointer p, if it was previously set by std::declare_reachable. If the object was declared reachable multiple times, equal number of calls to undeclare_reachable would be needed to remove this status. Once the object is not declared reachable and has no pointers referencing it, it may be reclaimed by garbage collecto