Defined in header <algorithm> template< class InputIt, class OutputIt, class UnaryOperation > OutputIt transform( InputIt first1, InputIt last1, OutputIt d_first, UnaryOperation unary_op ); (1) template< class InputIt1, class InputIt2, class OutputIt, class BinaryOperation > OutputIt transform( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1, InputIt2 first2, OutputIt d_first, BinaryOperation binary_op ); (2) std::transform applies

Defined in header <cwctype> std::wint_t towctrans( std::wint_t wc, std::wctrans_t desc ); Maps the wide character wc using the current C locale's LC_CTYPE mapping category identified by desc. Parameters ch - the wide character to map desc - the LC_CTYPE mapping, obtained from a call to std::wctrans Return value The mapped value of ch using the mapping identified by desc in LC_CTYPE facet of the current C locale. Example The following example demonstr

Defined in header <cctype> int toupper( int ch ); Converts the given character to uppercase according to the character conversion rules defined by the currently installed C locale. In the default "C" locale, the following lowercase letters abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz are replaced with respective uppercase letters ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ. Parameters ch - character to be converted. If the value of ch is not representable as unsigned char and does not equal EOF, the

Defined in header <cwctype> std::wint_t towlower( std::wint_t ch ); Converts the given wide character to lowercase, if possible. Parameters ch - wide character to be converted Return value Lowercase version of ch or unmodified ch if no lowercase version is listed in the current C locale. Notes Only 1:1 character mapping can be performed by this function, e.g. the Greek uppercase letter 'Σ' has two lowercase forms, depending on the position in a word: 'σ' an

Defined in header <locale> template< class charT > charT toupper( charT ch, const locale& loc ); Converts the character ch to uppercase if possible, using the conversion rules specified by the given locale's std::ctype facet. Parameters ch - character loc - locale Return value Returns the uppercase form of ch if one is listed in the locale, otherwise return ch unchanged. Notes Only 1:1 character mapping can be performed by this function, e.g

Defined in header <cstdio> std::FILE* tmpfile(); Creates and opens a temporary file with unique auto-generated filename. The file is opened as binary file for update (as by std::fopen with access mode "wb+"). At least TMP_MAX files may be opened during the lifetime of a program (this limit may be shared with std::tmpnam and may be further limited by FOPEN_MAX). If the program closes the file, e.g. by executing std::fclose, the file is automatically deleted. If the program t

Defined in header <locale> template< class charT > charT tolower( charT ch, const locale& loc ); Converts the character ch to lowercase if possible, using the conversion rules specified by the given locale's std::ctype facet. Parameters ch - character loc - locale Return value Returns the lowercase form of ch if one is listed in the locale, otherwise return ch unchanged. Notes Only 1:1 character mapping can be performed by this function, e.g

Defined in header <ctime> typedef /* unspecified */ time_t; Arithmetic type capable of representing times. Although not defined, this is almost always an integral value holding the number of seconds (not counting leap seconds) since 00:00, Jan 1 1970 UTC, corresponding to POSIX time. See also time returns the current time of the system as time since epoch (function) localtime converts time since epoch to calendar time expressed as local time (function) gmtim

Defined in header <cstdio> char* tmpnam( char* filename ); Creates an unique filename that does not name a currently existing file, and stores it in the character string pointed to by filename. The function is capable of generating up to TMP_MAX of unique filenames, but some or all of them may already be in use, and thus not suitable return values. std::tmpnam modifies static state and is not required to be thread-safe. Parameters filename - pointer to the character

Defined in header <cctype> int tolower( int ch ); Converts the given character to lowercase according to the character conversion rules defined by the currently installed C locale. In the default "C" locale, the following uppercase letters ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ are replaced with respective lowercase letters abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz. Parameters ch - character to be converted. If the value of ch is not representable as unsigned char and does not equal EOF, the