This page describes an experimental core language feature. For named type requirements used in the specification of the standard library, see library concepts. Class templates, function templates, and non-template functions (typically members of class templates) may be associated with a constraint, which specifies the requirements on template arguments, which can be used to select the most appropriate function overloads and template specializations. Constraints may also be used to limit automat

A class template defines a family of classes. Syntax template < parameter-list > class-declaration (1) export template < parameter-list > class-declaration (2) (until C++11) Explanation class-declaration - a class declaration. The class name declared become a template name. parameter-list - a non-empty comma-separated list of the template parameters, each of which is either non-type parameter, a type parameter, a template parameter, or a parameter pack

Defined in header <algorithm> template< class ForwardIt > ForwardIt is_sorted_until( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last ); (1) (since C++11) template< class ForwardIt, class Compare > ForwardIt is_sorted_until( ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, Compare comp ); (2) (since C++11) Examines the range [first, last) and finds the largest range beginning at first in which the elements are sorted in ascending order. The first version of the

Defined in header <utility> template< class T, class U = T > T exchange( T& obj, U&& new_value ); (since C++14) Replaces the value of obj with new_value and returns the old value of obj. Parameters obj - object whose value to replace new_value - the value to assign to obj Type requirements - T must meet the requirements of MoveConstructible. Also, it must be possible to move-assign objects of type U to objects of type T Return value

Defined in header <algorithm> template< class ForwardIt1, class ForwardIt2 > ForwardIt1 find_end( ForwardIt1 first, ForwardIt1 last, ForwardIt2 s_first, ForwardIt2 s_last ); (1) template< class ForwardIt1, class ForwardIt2, class BinaryPredicate > ForwardIt1 find_end( ForwardIt1 first, ForwardIt1 last, ForwardIt2 s_first, ForwardIt2 s_last, BinaryPredicate p ); (2) Searches for the last subsequence of elements [s_f

Defined in header <cctype> int isgraph( int ch ); Checks if the given character is graphic (has a graphical representation) as classified by the currently installed C locale. In the default C locale, the following characters are graphic: digits (0123456789) uppercase letters (ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ) lowercase letters (abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz) punctuation characters (!"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~) The behavior is undefined if the value of ch is

The C I/O subset of the C++ standard library implements C-style stream input/output operations. The <cstdio> header provides generic file operation support and supplies functions with narrow and multibyte character input/output capabilities, and the <cwchar> header provides functions with wide character input/output capabilities. C streams are objects of type std::FILE that can only be accessed and manipulated through pointers of type std::FILE* (Note: while it may be possible to cr

Defined in header <locale> public: iter_type put( iter_type out, std::ios_base& str, char_type fill, const std::tm* t, const CharT* fmtbeg, const CharT* fmtend ) const; (1) public: iter_type put( iter_type out, std::ios_base& str, char_type fill, const std::tm* t, char format, char modifier = 0 ) const; (2) protected: virtual iter_type do_put( iter_type out, std::ios_base& str,

Defined in header <complex> template< class T > complex<T> acos( const complex<T>& z ); (since C++11) Computes complex arc cosine of a complex value z. Branch cuts exist outside the interval [−1 ; +1] along the real axis. Parameters z - complex value Return value If no errors occur, complex arc cosine of z is returned, in the range [0 ; ∞) along the real axis and in the range [−iπ ; iπ] along the imaginary axis. Error handling and spec

This header is part of the thread support library. Classes mutex (C++11) provides basic mutual exclusion facility (class) timed_mutex (C++11) provides mutual exclusion facility which implements locking with a timeout (class) recursive_mutex (C++11) provides mutual exclusion facility which can be locked recursively by the same thread (class) recursive_timed_mutex (C++11) provides mutual exclusion facility which can be locked recursively by the same thread and impl