Defined in header <new> class bad_alloc; std::bad_alloc is the type of the object thrown as exceptions by the allocation functions to report failure to allocate storage. Inheritance diagram. Member functions (constructor) constructs the bad_alloc object (public member function) operator= replaces a bad_alloc object (public member function) what returns explanatory string (public member function) std::bad_alloc::bad_alloc bad_alloc(); Con

Executes a statement repeatedly, until the value of condition becomes false. The test takes place before each iteration. Syntax attr(optional) while ( condition ) statement attr(C++11) - any number of attributes condition - any expression which is contextually convertible to bool or a declaration of a single variable with a brace-or-equals initializer. This expression is evaluated before each iteration, and if it yields false, the loop is exited. If this is a declaration,

Defined in header <random> template< class RealType = double > class uniform_real_distribution; (since C++11) Produces random floating-point values i, uniformly distributed on the interval [a, b), that is, distributed according to the probability function: P(i|a,b) = 1b − a . std::uniform_real_distribution satisfies all requirements of RandomNumberDistribution. Template parameters RealType - The result type generated by the generator. The effect is undefi

Initializes an aggregate from braced-init-list. Syntax T object = {arg1, arg2, ...}; (1) T object {arg1, arg2, ...}; (2) (since C++11) Explanation Aggregate initialization is a form of list-initialization, which initializes aggregates. An aggregate is an object of the type that is one of the following. array type class type (typically, struct or union), that has no private or protected non-static data members no user-provided constructors (explicitly defaulted or dele

void operator+=( const std::valarray<T>& other ); void operator-=( const std::valarray<T>& other ); void operator*=( const std::valarray<T>& other ); void operator/=( const std::valarray<T>& other ); void operator%=( const std::valarray<T>& other ); void operator&=( const std::valarray<T>& other ); void operator|=( const std::valarray<T>& other ); void operator^=( const std::vala

Customizes the C++ operators for operands of user-defined types. Syntax Overloaded operators are functions with special function names: operator op (1) operator type (2) operator new operator new [] (3) operator delete operator delete [] (4) operator "" suffix-identifier (5) (since C++11) op - any of the following 38 operators:+ - * / % ˆ & | ~ ! = < > += -= *= /= %= ˆ= &= |= << >> >>= <<= == != <= >= &&

This header is part of the Input/Output library. Includes <iosfwd> Classes ios_base manages formatting flags and input/output exceptions (class) basic_ios manages an arbitrary stream buffer (class template) fpos represents absolute position in a stream or a file (class template) io_errc (C++11) the IO stream error codes (enum) iostream_category (C++11) identifies the iostream error category (function) is_error_code_enum<std::io_errc> (C++11

Defined in header <fstream> template< class CharT, class Traits = std::char_traits<CharT> > class basic_ifstream : public std::basic_istream<CharT, Traits> The class template basic_ifstream implements high-level input operations on file based streams. It interfaces a file-based streambuffer (std::basic_filebuf) with the high-level interface of (std::basic_istream). A typical implementation of std::basic_ifstream holds only one non-derived data me

RealType alpha() const; (1) (since C++11) RealType beta() const; (2) (since C++11) Returns the distribution parameters the distribution has been constructed with. 1) Returns the α distribution parameter. It is also known as the shape parameter. The default value is 1.0. 2) Returns the β distribution parameter. It is also known as the scale parameter. The default value is 1.0. Parameters (none). Return value 1) Floating point value identifying the α parameter 2) Floating

Usage alternative operators: as an alternative for |